Here's an excellent 17-minute review of the Nuremberg Trial from History Skope that would be great for students. It notes that the trial was the first time an international court sentenced criminals to prison and even death.
The development of an international court came about after the Big Three considered three possibilities. Do nothing to the war criminals, kill them all by executive action, or put them all on trial, which is what they decided to do.
History Skope outlines how the tribunal was set up and reviews the four types of crimes for which a person could be indicted: crimes against peace, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and a common plan or conspiracy to commit any of the three previous crimes.
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